This analysis was produced by Pew Research Center as part of the Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures project, which analyzes religious change and its impact on societies around the world. Funding for the Global Religious Futures project comes from The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John Templeton Foundation (grant 63095). This publication does not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation.

The U.S. data in this report is from the 2023-24 Religious Landscape Study (RLS). The RLS was made possible by The Pew Charitable Trusts, which received support from the Lilly Endowment Inc., Templeton Religion Trust, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations and the M.J. Murdock Charitable Trust. 

This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals:

Primary research team

Kirsten Lesage, Research Associate
Kelsey Jo Starr, Research Analyst
William Miner, Research Analyst

Research team

Becka A. Alper, Senior Researcher
Laura Clancy, Research Analyst
Alan Cooperman, Director, Religion Research
Manolo Corichi, Research Analyst
Jonathan Evans, Senior Researcher
Sneha Gubbala, Research Analyst
Moira Fagan, Research Associate
Janell Fetterolf, Senior Researcher
Sofia Hernandez Ramones, Research Assistant
Christine Huang, Research Associate
Asta Kallo, Research Assistant
Jordan Lippert, Research Analyst
Besheer Mohamed, Senior Researcher
Justin Nortey, Research Analyst
Jacob Poushter, Associate Director, Global Attitudes Research
Andrew Prozorovsky, Research Assistant
Michael Rotolo, Research Associate
Laura Silver, Associate Director, Global Attitudes Research
Maria Smerkovich, Research Associate
Gregory A. Smith, Senior Associate Director, Religion Research
Patricia Tevington, Research Associate
Richard Wike, Director, Global Attitudes Research

Methods team

Ashley Amaya, Associate Director, Survey Methods
Dorene Asare-Marfo, Senior Panel Manager
Anna Brown, Research Methodologist
Courtney Kennedy, Vice President, Methods and Innovation
Arnold Lau, Research Methodologist
Carolyn Lau, International Research Methodologist
Andrew Mercer, Principal Methodologist
Patrick Moynihan, Associate Director, International Research Methods
Georgina Pizzolitto, Research Methodologist
Dana Popky, Associate Panel Manager
Sofi Sinozich, International Research Methodologist

Editorial and graphic design

Rebecca Leppert, Copy Editor
Bill Webster, Senior Information Graphics Designer

Communications and web publishing

Justine Coleman, Associate Digital Producer
Gar Meng Leong, Communications Manager
Maya Pottiger, Communications Associate
Hannah Taber, Communications Manager

Others at the Center who contributed to this report include Conrad Hackett and David Kent.

We appreciate the following individuals for advising us on strategic outreach: Eugenia Mitchelstein, associate professor of communication at Universidad de San Andrés (Argentina); Naziru Mikail Abubakar, executive director and editor-in-chief at the Daily Trust (Nigeria); Sebastián Lacunza, columnist at elDiarioAR.com (Argentina); Anton Harber, executive director at the Campaign for Free Expression and founder of the Mail & Guardian (South Africa); Admire Mare, associate professor and head of the Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Johannesburg (South Africa); and Monicah Waceke Ndungu, chief operating officer, Nation Media Group (Kenya).